什么是plc？零基础学习plc入门认识！

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[url=]#我要上头条#[/url]只要是电工都知道，plc是可以编入程序的，用编入的程序来控制电气运行和得到需要的功能，那计算机也可以编程的，那为什么计算机不可以当做plc使用？

我们先来看一下plc的全名，可编程序控制器英文为Programmable Controller，简称PC，为了与个人计算机Personal Computer的PC相区别，又称可编程逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller ，简称PLC，所以这就是plc。

在国内市场上，欧洲的代表是西门子公司，日本的代表是三菱和欧姆龙公司，美国的代表是AB与GE公司。

推荐初学者先学习西门子的S7-200和S7-300,西门子系列PLC产品在中国市场使用最为广泛，这方面的技术人员需求量非常大，技术和资料也最全面和成熟，对于初学者来说入门比较简单，如果有经济能力呢，建议购买一台plc练手学习，这样学习起来也非常好理解，非常快，有了实物，集成模拟量输入输出，高速计数和高速输出都有了，资料的话在官方网站，工控网等都有。

下来我们主要以德国西门子S7-200系列PLC为例认识学习，了解它的基本组成，原理与应用。

一、PLC与继电器特点比较：

在应用方面，PLC采用了微处理机技术和通讯技术，因而可广泛应用于顺序控制、运动控制、通讯、数据管理等领域，并具有极强的柔性；

而继电器的应用范围有限，对小型问题的解决往往连线复杂、使得控制柜庞 大、可靠性降低，不具有柔性。

在控制速度方面，PLC是由程序指令控制半导体电路来实现的，因此比用依靠触点的机械动作来实现控制的继电器电路的速度要快得多，并且不会出现抖动问题。

在可维护性和可靠性方面 ，继电器控制逻辑电路因采用了大量的机械触点，连线过多，从而使系统的可维护性和可靠性变差，而PLC因利用的是微电子技术，大量的开关动作是由一种辅助继电器软件和无触点开关完成的，因此可靠性高，同时因有些PLC还配备了自检和监控功能，从而为现场调试和维护提供了很大方便，节约了成本。

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